Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842

This site is like candy for a sugar addict.  What a candystore!  Hat tip to Steve for sending this link!

The Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842, contains approximately 2,000 documents and images relating to the Native American population of the Southeastern United States from the collections of the University of Georgia Libraries, the University of Tennessee at Knoxville Library, the Frank H. McClung Museum, the Tennessee State Library and Archives, the Tennessee State Museum and the Museum of the Cherokee Indian. The documents are comprised of letters, legal proceedings, military orders, financial papers, and archaeological images relating to Native Americans in the Southeast.

After originally posting this article, it appears that some of the links aren’t working.  The link to the actual Document site is: 

http://metis.galib.uga.edu/ssp/cgi-bin/ftaccess.cgi?galileo_server=galfe1.gsu.edu&galileo_server_port=80&galileo_server_id=10&instcode=publ&instname=Guest&helpuserid=&style=&_id=0dedbe5c-67323f6961-8159&dbs=ZLNA

Information from various collections includes:

  • Penelope Johnson Allen Collection (Hoskins Library):
    The documents selected from this collection pertain to the Cherokee Indians in Tennessee and include manuscripts related to the opening of a federal road through the Cherokee Nation, as well as correspondence and financial records of Return J. Meigs, U.S. Agent to the Cherokees. Also included in this collection are resolutions of the National Council of Cherokee Chiefs, articles of a treaty between the U.S. and Cherokees, military orders and claims, and a ledger containing valuations of property owned by Cherokee individuals. Penelope Johnson Allen was a historian of the Cherokees and a leader in the Chattanooga Area Historical Association.
  • William Blount Papers (Tennessee State Library and Archives):
    This item is an article of agreement made between William Blount and David Moore on October 12, 1794. The agreement states that Moore is to accompany a transportation of goods belonging to the Chickasaw and Choctaw Indians down the Tennessee River. (More information.)
  •  Elias Boudinot’s Address to the Whites (University of Georgia Libraries):
    This item is a published speech delivered by Elias Boudinot, editor of the Cherokee Phoenix newspaper (part of the Georgia Historic Newspapersdatabase), in Philadelphia on May 26, 1826. Boudinot addresses a number of topics in an effort to secure support for the establishment of a Cherokee printing house and seminary. He pays particular attention to the “civilized” accomplishments of the Cherokee Nation.
  •  Cherokee Collection (Tennessee State Library and Archives):
    The documents selected from this collection are mostly letters relating to the Cherokee Indians in Tennessee and north Georgia from the 1770s to the 1840s. There are a number of letters from influential Cherokee leader John Ross and from Joseph McMinn, U.S. agent to the Cherokees, as well as a number of Cherokee claims. This collection was also purchased from historian Penelope Johnson Allen of Chattanooga, TN.
  • Letter to Col. Benjamin Cleavland from Elijah Clarke (MS 2615) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    This is a letter from Elijah Clarke to Col. Benjamin Cleavland, dated June 24, 1787. Clarke discusses a contemplated treaty with the Creek Indians, mentions Alexander McGillivray and refers to a misunderstanding between the Indians and commissioners. (More information.)
  •  Letter to Ethan Clarke from Ray Clarke (MS 1807) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    This is a letter from Ray Clarke at St. Mary’s, Georgia on March 3, 1813 to his father Ethan Clarke. Clarke discusses a variety of topics including the activities of U.S. troops in Florida against the Seminole Indians. (More information.)
  •  Creek Indian Collection (MS 332) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Documents selected from this collection concern Creek Indians in the Southeast from 1798-1837. Included in this project are several documents pertaining to relations between Creek Indians and African slaves. (More information.)
  •  Telamon Cuyler Collection (MS 1170) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Documents selected from this collection are taken from the governors’ papers, a group of official papers and correspondences of the various governors of Georgia. The subjects are broad in scope and include papers pertinent to frontier clashes between whites and Native Americans, papers related to the negotiation of treaties, and land surveys and letters to and from the governors regarding nearly every aspect of Native/white relations from colonial to removal eras. Many items pertain to activity in Georgia and Florida during the War of 1812, Creek War, and Seminole Wars. Included are correspondences between officials in Florida (such as the Spanish governors) and governors of Georgia, generated by Native/white strife in the frontier areas of those states. Other manuscripts concern Indian removal and the presence of the Georgia Guard in the Cherokee Nation due to the discovery of gold there. Important letters from Creek leader Alexander McGillivray, Creek agent Benjamin Hawkins, and Timothy Barnard, a trader and interpreter involved in Creek affairs, are also included. (More information.)
  •  Early Walker County Papers (LaFayette-Walker County Library, Cherokee Regional Library System)
    The selected documents are land grants, that include maps and survey reports, for plots in Cherokee County, Georgia, granted between 1833 and 1835, in 1843, and in 1845. The land was obtained by the state of Georgia from the Creek and Cherokee Nations in unnamed treaties and distributed by acts passed in the Georgia Assembly on December 21, 1830, and on December 22, 1831. The majority of plots was surveyed in 1832.
  •  John Fontaine Papers (MS 2014) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    The letters selected from this collection are from various individuals to John Fontaine, a prominent merchant and mayor of Columbus, Georgia, dated from 1834 through 1841. Most of the letters pertain to the disposal of lands ceded or sold by the Creek Indians in Alabama and the Chickasaw Indians in Mississippi. (More information.)
  •  John Forsyth Papers (MS 447) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Only one document from this collection appears in our database. It is an 1826 letter from John Forsyth, congressional representative from Georgia, to the Secretary of War regarding treatment received by two parties of Creek Indians. (More information.)
  •  Frank H. McClung Museum Collection:
    The images selected from this collection are related to several locations that are pertinent to the occupation and removal of the Cherokee Indians. Fort Marr Blockhouse and Fort Southwest Point were used to confine the Cherokees until their removal to the west. Images from Red Clay State Park and the Chattooga site show, through archaeological excavations and artifact analysis, cultural aspects and occupational patterns of the Cherokees in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Also included are images related to the Tellico Reservoir Project, a series of excavations and surveys (1967-1981) conducted in the Little Tennessee River Valley by the University of Tennessee in anticipation of the Tennessee Valley Authority’s flooding of the valley. These investigations produced a wealth of new information and artifacts representative of 12,000 years of inhabitation. The images presented here are specifically related to Cherokee settlements in the 18th and 19th centuries.
  •  Felix Hargrett Papers (MS 2311) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Six documents representing a wide range of dates and issues were selected from this collection. Among these is a printed proclamation from Wilson Lumpkin, Governor of Georgia (1831-1835), respecting the release of missionaries Samuel A. Worcester and Elizur Butler, who had been imprisoned for living in the Cherokee Nation while refusing to swear an oath of loyalty to Georgia. Also covered are boundary relations between Creek Indians and frontier inhabitants from the 1780s through the 1830s. (More information.)
  •  Benjamin Hawkins Letters (MS 943) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    The documents selected from this collection are primarily letters from Benjamin Hawkins, United States agent to the Creek Indians, to various Indian leaders and state and federal officials. (More information.)
  •  David Henley Papers (Tennessee State Library and Archives):
    The papers of Colonel David Henley discuss the battles between the Creek and Chickasaw Indian tribes and how the Chickasaw chief Piomingo asks for assistance and supplies from the United States government because of these battles. (More information.)
  •  Doctor John Mackentosh Item (Hoskins Library):
    This manuscript is a collection of recipes for cures to common ailments and diseases. Mackentosh was reputed to have been a doctor in the Cherokee Nation. This book appears to have been published in 1827.
  •  Marquis of Wills Hill Downshire (MS 526) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Only one document from this collection appears in our database; it is a letter from the Earl of Hillsborough, a British official who acted as a secretary of state to the colonies. This 1772 manuscript is among the earliest presented and pertains to the early state of affairs between whites and Native Americans in Georgia. (More information.)
  •  Governor McMinn Letters (Tennessee State Library and Archives):
    These documents concern the actions of Tennessee Governor Joseph McMinn (1815-1821) in the removal of the Cherokees to the west. (More information.)
  •  Gideon Morgan Papers (Tennessee State Library and Archives):
    The papers of Gideon Morgan, Colonel of Cherokee forces, discuss the desperate conditions of the Cherokees and their need for supplies, as well as his account of a battle during the Creek War of 1813-1814.
  •  Ebenezer Newton Diary (MS 515) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    This is the travel journal of Ebenezer Newton of Athens, Georgia, chronicling his journey into Tennessee from October through November 1818. Newton describes a variety of encounters along the way, paying particular attention to Cherokee settlements and missionary activity in the Cherokee Nation. He specifically mentions Cherokee leaders James Vann, Charles and Elijah Hicks, Path Killer, Joseph Coodey, and Moravian missionary John Gambold. (More information.)
  •  Pamphlet Collection (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    The items in this collection are primarily from the 1830s, and they largely pertain to Indian Removal and the Second Seminole War (1835-1842). Included are speeches by members of the U.S. Congress, memorials and appeals of the Cherokee and Creek nations and military reports relative to the U.S. campaign against the Seminoles, including the Jesup Report. An article concerning mission efforts in the Cherokee Nation is also part of this collection.
  • John Howard Payne Letter Books (MS 2654) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Various letters from the 1842 volume of the John Howard Payne Letter Books were selected, including one directed to Cherokee Chief John Ross. The letters mainly relate to Payne’s involvement in opposing Cherokee removal, his rocky relationship with Chief Ross, and his uncertain pecuniary circumstances. Payne was a well-known actor, writer, and composer, as well as having held various federal positions. (More information.)
  • Benjamin Perley Poore Letter (MS 1222) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    This 1840 letter from Benjamin Perley Poore describes north Georgia just after Cherokee Removal. Poore authored Perley’s Reminiscences, a collection of vignettes on life in Washington, D.C., as well as a number of other books. (More information.)
  • Keith Read Collection (MS 921) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Documents selected from this collection include manuscripts from early contact between Europeans and southeastern Indians to removal era items such as land lottery deeds. Many of the manuscripts are letters to and from Creek Indian agent Benjamin Hawkins, and there is also a biography of Hawkins presented. Several items pertain to the early days of the Georgia Colony and historical figures such as Yamacraw leader Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove Bosomworth, James Oglethorpe and Spanish Governor Manuel de Montiano. Also included from this collection are many letters relative to the Creek Agency during David B. Mitchell’s tenure as agent. Other highlights are a speech by John Quincy Adams before the U.S. House of Representatives, a letter from Cherokee leader John Ridge to the Governor of Georgia, a copy of the Laws of the Creek Nation and a letter from Andrew Jackson to Creek leader William McIntosh. (More information.)
  •  Governor Roane Papers (Tennessee State Library and Archives):
    The documents selected from this collection pertain to Tennessee Governor Archibald Roane (1801-1803). The papers describe the conditions of the state of Tennessee in the early 19th century as well as the relationship between white settlers and Indians living in the state. (More information.)
  •  Seminole War Collection (MS 1386) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Only one letter, dated December 17, 1837, was selected from this collection. It relates to Cherokee mediation in the Second Seminole War (1835-1842). (More information.)
  •  Governor Sevier Papers (Tennessee State Library and Archives):
    The documents in this collection relate to the actions and interests of Tennessee Governor John Sevier (1796-1801, 1803-1809), particularly relative to relations between settlers and Native Americans. (More information.)
  •  Tennessee Historical Society Papers (Tennessee State Library and Archives):
    The documents from this collection provide information about Indian and white relations in the United States. Included are narratives, letters, a map and a military order, written by various authors, such as governors and agents, to Indian nations. Most of the documents pertain to disputes over Indian boundary lines and general relations between Indian tribes and white settlers.
  •  Tennessee State Museum document (Tennessee State Museum):
    This document is a bill enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States that allocates a certain amount of money to be used to pay for any treaty held with the Indians that have land in Tennessee.
  • William Holland Thomas Diaries and Papers (Museum of the Cherokee):
    The diaries in this collection represent the daily activities of William Holland Thomas, including business dealings, particularly pertaining to the stores he owned. The activities listed in the diaries speak to his efforts as an attorney for the Cherokee people, as well as personal feelings regarding his experiences and travel.
  •  William H. Thomas Papers (MS 234) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Documents selected from this collection primarily relate to the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, who remained in western North Carolina after Indian Removal in the late 1830s. William H. Thomas was an adopted Cherokee who became the principal lawyer representing the Eastern Cherokees in Washington, D.C. and fighting for fulfillment of their treaty rights. (More information.)
  •  William Holland Thomas Papers (Hoskins Library):
    The documents selected from this collection pertain to the professional and personal life of William Holland Thomas, an attorney for the Eastern Band of Cherokees. Included are legal documents indicating that Thomas was given power of attorney by the Eastern Cherokees. Many other documents are letters written to the Cherokee Nation while Thomas was in Washington, D.C. fighting for Cherokee rights, as well as letters to friends and family. These range from correspondence between he and his wife, Sallie, to items that reveal Thomas’ attempts to claim the Eastern Band of Cherokees monies and other compensations under the Treaty of New Echota. (More information.)
  •  C. Mildred Thompson Collection (MS 606) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    The items selected from this collection are predominantly letters from the late 1780s through the 1790s regarding various alleged depredations committed on Georgia inhabitants by the Creek Indians. Also included are two items concerning Cherokee Indians. C. Mildred Thompson was a writer as well as an educator at both the University of Georgia and Vassar College. (More information.)
  •  Isaac S. Vincent Papers (MS 617) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    Documents selected from this collection primarily relate to the removal of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia in 1838. Captain Vincent was one of the regional commanders ordered to arrest, imprison, and remove any and all Cherokees from the state. (More information.)
  •  Letter to E. Jackson from James J. Wilson (MS 1010) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    This is a letter from New Jersey Senator James Jefferson Wilson to E. Jackson of Savannah, Georgia dated January 23, 1819. Wilson describes the on-going discussion in the U.S. House of Representatives pertaining to General Andrew Jackson’s conduct during the First Seminole War (1817-1818). (More information.)
  •  Samuel Worcester Letters (MS 697) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    The documents selected from this collection are 1815 letters from Samuel Worcester, a Moravian missionary to the Cherokee Indians in Georgia. Worcester also played a vital role in the publication of the Cherokee Phoenix newspaper in the late 1820s. (More information.)
  •  Answer to the Lords of the Committee for Trade from James Wright (MS 1039) (Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library):
    This is a twenty-nine page folio of Georgia Colonial Governor Sir James Wright’s answers to questions posed by the Lords of the Committee for Trade of Great Britain’s Privy Council dated Savannah, Georgia, February 15, 1762. The document includes information on the Creek, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Cherokee Indians in the area, as well as extensive details on the geography, climate, and economy of the colony of Georgia. (More information.)

About Roberta Estes

Scientist, author, genetic genealogist. Documenting Native Heritage through contemporaneous records and DNA.
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2 Responses to Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842

  1. Barbara says:

    Wonderfully tantalizing, but the links don’t work, at least not tonight!

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